Treatment times vary but are between 1-3 years depending on the severity of the problem, individual characteristics and the cooperation of the patient. Properly aligned teeth and jaws require less dental intervention, improve physical appearance and confidence. Generally your dentist or child’s dental therapist will refer you to an orthodontist. Problems are generally easier to fix at an earlier age before facial growth is complete. Teeth straightening Braces are commonly used to correct crooked teeth and correct malocclusions. Usually, braces are fixed to the outside of teeth; however lingual braces are fixed to the inside of teeth and cannot be seen. Once braces have been removed a retainer may be used to hold teeth in place. This may be either a removable plate or a wire fitted behind the teeth. Sequential plastic aligners are used to correct mild to moderate malocclusions. They are clear removable plastic moulds that fit over your teeth and gradually move your teeth. As your teeth move your aligner will be replaced with the next aligner in the sequence, until the desired position is achieved. For children who have not yet lost all of their primary teeth, a removable appliance may be used. This is a plate held in place with wire clasps that fit over the teeth and wire springs attached to the plate move the teeth. Jaw modification For more severe malocclusions or disproportionately positioned jaws functional appliances or head gear may be required. For more information please view the New Zealand Association of Orthodontists website or go to our website www.hillroadorthodontics.co.nz For pictures and more information on orthodontic appliances please view the Australian Society of Orthodontists website.

Invisalign aligners or clear plastic aligners by Align Technology, USA, are used to correct mild to moderate malocclusions instead of braces. Treatment usually takes a similar amount of time as with braces. For more information please go to www.invisalign.com

Crooked teeth can result from a combination of factors such as genetics and early loss of primary teeth. People with crooked teeth tend to feel self conscious about their smile and this may negatively impact their daily social interactions. Crooked teeth can also be difficult to clean and may be more prone to decay and gum disease. These problems can be corrected via orthodontic treatment. Malocclusions (bad bites) are predominantly inherited but some are acquired. Inherited problems include crowding of teeth, too much space between teeth, missing or extra teeth and other irregularities of the face. Acquired malocclusions may be caused by injuries, thumb or dummy sucking, dental diseases or early loss of teeth. Malocclusions not only affect the alignment of teeth but also facial development. For more information please view the New Zealand Association of Orthodontists website. Or go to our website www.hillroadorthodontics.co.nz

Cosmetic dentistry combines a variety of techniques with the aim of giving you improved confidence and a better, whiter smile. Techniques include cosmetic contouring and reshaping, bonding, veneers, crowns, crown lengthening, bridges and tooth whitening. Cosmetic dentistry is not a recognised specialisation by the Dental Council of New Zealand (DCNZ) and may be carried out by any general dentist. For reconstructive dentistry that is outside of their practice scope or expertise, your dentist will refer you, depending on your circumstances, to an oral & maxillofacial surgeon, orthodontist or prosthodontist. Cosmetic contouring and reshaping Tooth contouring or reshaping generally does not require anaesthetic and can usually be done within 1-3 dental visits to correct minor problems with crooked, chipped, cracked or overlapping teeth. Your dentist will x-ray your teeth to ensure there is enough bone to do the procedure. They will sculpt your teeth and may use a sanding drill or laser for the surfaces and abrasive strips for the sides of your teeth. Your teeth will then be smoothed and polished. Your dentist may also use techniques such as bonding and veneers.